What are probiotics?:
The short version is; they are live microorganisms, proper name probiotic organism, that are believed to be benefitial to building up good bacteria in the body.
How can I get them?:
They are usually consumed as part of a fermented food like yogourt or soy. They can also be taken a a dietary supplement.
What do they benefit?:
The intestinal tract. Those suffering from pathogen or toxic bacteria, causing diarrhea or other trouble in the bowel such as inflammation (IBS) can benefit greatly. Many also believe that if taken regularly they can prevent minor illnesses.
How do they differ from an Antibiotic?:
Antibiotics kill microorganisms rather than promote their life. The principle behind probiotics is to grow or regrow the good bacteria killed by antibiotics. Antibiotics can cause the body to resist and fail if used too often.
Are they proven?:
Not everyone believes in them, however there are several studies that prove their worth in many instances. Many doctors will refer patience to a probiotic or tell them to let nature take its course rather than prescribing antibiotics to the point of resistance, and 99% of users I personally know swear by them. So if you aren't afraid to try, I say test them out yourself.
For more information here are some helpful links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probiotic
http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/features/what-are-probiotics
http://www.rps.psu.edu/probing/probiotics.html
http://www.evitamins.com/encyclopedia/assets/nutritional-supplement/probiotics/how-it-works
http://whatareprobiotics.org/
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